{"id":21752,"date":"2022-10-26T15:19:04","date_gmt":"2022-10-26T14:19:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/sin-categorizar\/el-enfoque-cientifico\/"},"modified":"2025-04-09T07:42:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T06:42:00","slug":"el-enfoque-cientifico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/es\/sin-categorizar\/el-enfoque-cientifico\/","title":{"rendered":"El enfoque cient\u00edfico"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"21752\" class=\"elementor elementor-21752 elementor-13909\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4312f09c elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"4312f09c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;slideshow&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_gallery&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:13914,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/brouns.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/11\\\/triglyceride-web-1200-628.jpg&quot;}],&quot;background_slideshow_transition_duration&quot;:1500,&quot;background_slideshow_loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_slide_duration&quot;:5000,&quot;background_slideshow_slide_transition&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-660de2eb\" data-id=\"660de2eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23539c24 animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23539c24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:300}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">El enfoque cient\u00edfico<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be867bf animated-slow elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"be867bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:300}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-71448f2d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"71448f2d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"new\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b1f90c9\" data-id=\"2b1f90c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-552472f9 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"552472f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f450245 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"6f450245\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5631726c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5631726c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-websq-1080.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21739\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-websq-1080.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-websq-1080-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-websq-1080-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-websq-1080-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-websq-1080-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: showing a piece of birch tar stuck to a piece of flint. Most likely part of a Neanderthal tool. Image content courtesy of Paul Kozowyk.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b74701c animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"2b74701c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:400}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d53ea2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d53ea2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Historia  <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No soy nuevo en el producto ni en los m\u00e9todos de producci\u00f3n de alquitr\u00e1n (de pino) y aceite de alquitr\u00e1n, pero pasar una semana en el Seminario N\u00f3rdico sobre Aceite de Alquitr\u00e1n en Mariehamn, \u00c5land (Finlandia) me mostr\u00f3 cu\u00e1nto todav\u00eda tengo que descubrir sobre este incre\u00edble producto.  <\/p>\n<p>El alquitr\u00e1n de pino y abedul es la base de todos los tratamientos para la madera y su uso se remonta al Paleol\u00edtico. El alquitr\u00e1n de abedul se encuentra con mayor frecuencia en Europa del Este y Rusia, mientras que el alquitr\u00e1n de pino es la versi\u00f3n predominante en la mayor parte del resto de Europa. El estudio de Paul Kozowyk ha descubierto que los neandertales usaban alquitr\u00e1n de corteza de pino y abedul como pegamento m\u00e1s de 100.000 a\u00f1os antes de que el Homo sapiens utilizara resina de \u00e1rbol en \u00c1frica.  <\/p>\n<p>Poco a poco se fue utilizando como tratamiento de la madera para repeler el agua en los barcos y, muy probablemente, en los edificios.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e78b836 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e78b836\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-045afb7 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"045afb7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:400}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96eb2e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96eb2e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Como es habitual, el uso de materiales espec\u00edficos se basa en la disponibilidad local. Los bosques de pinos cubr\u00edan la mayor parte del norte y centro de Europa, por lo que la resina de pino es m\u00e1s frecuente en estas zonas. La resina de abedul se obtiene de la corteza del abedul, cuya resina se recoge al quemarla. La resina de pino se obtiene de la quema de ra\u00edces de pino ( <em>Pinus silvestris<\/em> ). Aunque se obtienen de maderas diferentes y mediante procesos distintos, tienen propiedades muy similares.   <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-37cf41f animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"37cf41f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c6db4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8c6db4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"620\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-2-web-1080-620.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21740\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-2-web-1080-620.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-2-web-1080-620-768x441.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-2-web-1080-620-600x344.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: The Oseberg Viking reconstruction ship being tarred using pine tar, following archaeological finds on the original. Image content courtesy Oseberg Vikingarv.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e26d7a5 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e26d7a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cacc4d animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"5cacc4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd12f48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dd12f48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-diag-websq-1080.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21741\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-diag-websq-1080.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-diag-websq-1080-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-diag-websq-1080-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-diag-websq-1080-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-diag-websq-1080-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig : showing the design of a tar burning pit or kiln \u00a9 Trysil Finnskog ( A base with channel, B wooden grates, C board wall, D clay filling, E soil, F rennet, G resinous pinewood, H weeds, K rice, L cover).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0431568 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0431568\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd61c16 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"cd61c16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8695c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f8695c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-2-web-1080-600.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21742\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-2-web-1080-600.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-2-web-1080-600-768x427.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-3-2-web-1080-600-600x333.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: stacking of the wood being used for burning \u00a9 skjaakhytteservice T.Bruland<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4f652b animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"b4f652b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b61a1e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b61a1e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-5-web-1080-596.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21743\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-5-web-1080-596.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-5-web-1080-596-768x424.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-5-web-1080-596-600x331.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: the finished dome \u00a9 skjaakhytteservice T.Bruland<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-181e815 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"181e815\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6459c7 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"e6459c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c8bf36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c8bf36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-6-web-1080-600.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21744\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-6-web-1080-600.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-6-web-1080-600-768x427.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-6-web-1080-600-600x333.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig showing the tar running from the put during production output \u00a9 skjaakhytteservice T.Bruland<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f6fc70 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"2f6fc70\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2543b48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2543b48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"610\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-7-web-1080-610.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21745\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-7-web-1080-610.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-7-web-1080-610-768x434.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-7-web-1080-610-600x339.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig showing the tar running from the put during production output \u00a9 skjaakhytteservice T.Bruland<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1345333 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1345333\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-99f85ae animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"99f85ae\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:400}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a43ed2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a43ed2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El National Trust of Norway llev\u00f3 a cabo el a\u00f1o pasado una de las mayores producciones de alquitr\u00e1n de pino tradicional de los \u00faltimos tiempos, produciendo 10.000 litros en un solo lote.<\/p>\n<p>Al igual que la pintura de linaza, el aceite de linaza y otros productos y m\u00e9todos tradicionales desaparecieron pr\u00e1cticamente por completo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y nunca volvieron a aparecer. Solo la industria mar\u00edtima sigui\u00f3 utilizando alquitr\u00e1n y aceite de linaza con regularidad, sobre todo en barcos de madera y cuerdas. Hoy en d\u00eda, se sigue utilizando en la industria n\u00e1utica, pero se limita principalmente a trabajos de restauraci\u00f3n o a la construcci\u00f3n artesanal de barcos de madera, como los de Sj\u00f6kvarteret, el centro artesanal de construcci\u00f3n naval de \u00c5land.  <\/p>\n<p>Los mejores ejemplos de aplicaciones de alquitr\u00e1n en edificios hist\u00f3ricos provienen del mundo eclesi\u00e1stico. No solo es el principal m\u00e9todo de tratamiento para las iglesias de madera de Noruega y Suecia, sino que tambi\u00e9n se utiliza en techos de tejas de madera. El techo de la iglesia de Nykarleby es un excelente ejemplo, pero tambi\u00e9n muestra la magnitud de la tarea en cuesti\u00f3n.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0121570 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"0121570\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5243189 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5243189\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordic-tar-1448-websq-1080.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21746\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordic-tar-1448-websq-1080.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordic-tar-1448-websq-1080-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordic-tar-1448-websq-1080-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordic-tar-1448-websq-1080-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordic-tar-1448-websq-1080-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: Sj\u00f6kvarteret, \u00c5land's craft centre for boat building<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d11ff6 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d11ff6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c20445d animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"c20445d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-765143f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"765143f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1432-websq-1080.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21747\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1432-websq-1080.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1432-websq-1080-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1432-websq-1080-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1432-websq-1080-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1432-websq-1080-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: an old timber fishing boat covered in pine tar, awaiting restoration<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-296ecd3 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"296ecd3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6718807 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6718807\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1549-2-websq-1080.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21748\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1549-2-websq-1080.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1549-2-websq-1080-768x498.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nordictar-1549-2-websq-1080-600x389.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: the shingle roof on the Nykarelby church \u00a9 Tom Nylund and Matts S\u00e4ndstrom<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac9b2de animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac9b2de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba852f2 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"ba852f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:400}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f12703 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0f12703\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pruebas<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>La investigaci\u00f3n seminal y tesis de Egebnerg (Egenberg, IM, <em>Tarring Maintenance of Norwegian Medieval Stave Churches<\/em> . (G\u00f6teborg Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2003), ha demostrado lo bien que funciona el alquitr\u00e1n, y proyectos de investigaci\u00f3n y prueba recientes como este dirigido por Daniel Wikstrom, administrador de propiedades en la Comunidad de la Iglesia de Peders\u00f6renejden, confirman la eficacia del aceite de alquitr\u00e1n, siempre y cuando se vuelva a aplicar regularmente. Una vez cada 1-2 a\u00f1os durante los primeros 5-6 a\u00f1os, luego una vez cada 2-3 a\u00f1os, dependiendo de la altitud y la exposici\u00f3n a la luz UV.  <\/p>\n<p>Arja K\u00e4llbom y Linda Lindblad (Universidad de Gotemburgo para Svenska Kyrken) est\u00e1n ampliando la investigaci\u00f3n de Egeberg a\u00f1adiendo la clasificaci\u00f3n del aceite de alquitr\u00e1n. Dado que la cocci\u00f3n en horno suele durar entre 9 y 13 horas, el alquitr\u00e1n resultante puede variar considerablemente entre el inicio, la mitad y el final de la producci\u00f3n. Por lo tanto, no solo es necesario realizar m\u00e1s an\u00e1lisis qu\u00edmicos, incluyendo la reolog\u00eda, para determinar la viscosidad y la viscoelasticidad (sin olvidar la tixotrop\u00eda, el tiempo de secado, la distribuci\u00f3n del peso molecular, la estabilidad y el punto de gelificaci\u00f3n, sino tambi\u00e9n las impresiones sensoriales. En este \u00faltimo caso, piense en el olor, la textura y el color).  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da155cd animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"da155cd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a681b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5a681b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"892\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-11-web-1080-892.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21749\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-11-web-1080-892.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-11-web-1080-892-768x634.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-11-web-1080-892-600x496.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: Tar trials with one, two, three and four coats on both north and south facing facades as presented by Daniel Wikstrom.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1c63d6e animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1c63d6e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-91de775 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"91de775\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a995784 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a995784\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-12-2-web-1080-538.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-21750\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-12-2-web-1080-538.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-12-2-web-1080-538-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/brouns.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tar-oil-12-2-web-1080-538-600x300.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig: Image content courtesy of Arja K\u00e4llbom and Linda Lindblad<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-52ee298 animated-slow elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52ee298\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:300}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bc46fbd animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"bc46fbd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:400}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b98690a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b98690a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>El presente y el futuro<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Todos los ensayos y proyectos de prueba demuestran que el alquitr\u00e1n quemado en horno es extremadamente eficaz para proteger y preservar la madera en edificios y embarcaciones. Si bien los ingredientes y el m\u00e9todo de producci\u00f3n son completamente naturales, la producci\u00f3n de alquitr\u00e1n ha estado estrictamente regulada por la normativa de la UE debido a la quema de materia arb\u00f3rea. La Red N\u00f3rdica de Alquitr\u00e1n, bajo la direcci\u00f3n de Ilkka Pollari, ha conseguido los derechos de producci\u00f3n por ahora, pero la pregunta es cu\u00e1nto tiempo durar\u00e1. No es inconcebible que se proh\u00edba la producci\u00f3n tradicional de alquitr\u00e1n de pino en hornos, quedando solo opciones de retorta. Esto podr\u00eda no ser perjudicial para la industria, sino que, de hecho, impulsar\u00e1 un m\u00e9todo de fabricaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s respetuoso con el medio ambiente. Ya se est\u00e1n produciendo avances muy interesantes en este \u00e1mbito y tengo una de las primeras muestras de alquitr\u00e1n producida como subproducto de la producci\u00f3n de biomasa (dirigida por Kim Lehi\u00f6). A\u00fan queda bastante camino por recorrer antes de que este producto pueda comercializarse, pero las primeras se\u00f1ales son muy positivas. Espero con inter\u00e9s la comparaci\u00f3n del perfil qu\u00edmico realizada por Paul Kozowyk.       <\/p>\n<p>Desafortunadamente, la producci\u00f3n intensiva de alquitr\u00e1n quemado en horno es demasiado costosa para su uso a gran escala. Si a esto le sumamos la limitada capacidad de producci\u00f3n, se hace evidente que necesitamos un m\u00e9todo de producci\u00f3n alternativo para mantener los edificios que tanto apreciamos. Solo en Noruega, la producci\u00f3n tradicional solo cubre aproximadamente una d\u00e9cima <sup>parte<\/sup> de la demanda. Esta discrepancia se acent\u00faa en Suecia y Finlandia.   <\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, aunque a\u00fan quedan algunas lagunas por resolver, se puede afirmar con seguridad que esta valiosa habilidad cultural e hist\u00f3rica se ha preservado para el futuro y se est\u00e1 documentando adecuadamente para la posteridad. Ahora, es esencial encontrar un m\u00e9todo de producci\u00f3n que permita la producci\u00f3n a escala comercial para que los barcos, iglesias y graneros hist\u00f3ricos puedan conservarse para el futuro.   <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-976174a elementor-reverse-tablet elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"976174a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d648108\" data-id=\"d648108\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7be7ed5 e-transform elementor-align-center animated-slow elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7be7ed5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.2,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1.2,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:300,&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateX_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;_transform_translateY_effect_hover_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/brouns.eu\/es\/blog\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">LEER M\u00c1S ART\u00cdCULOS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aunque prefiero analizar la pintura de linaza en su contexto y entorno hist\u00f3rico porque hay al menos algunos siglos con los que trabajar, eso no significa que evite los m\u00e9todos y t\u00e9cnicas modernos para lograr una mayor comprensi\u00f3n.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21753,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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